During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the market share of China's mold industry will reach 120 billion yuan. Although the mold industry has a broad market space, the investment risk of industrial investment is suddenly rising due to the foreign-owned monopoly squeezed industry profit margins and the problems of domestic enterprises.
Mold manufacturing is the foundation of manufacturing. In electronics, automobiles, motors, electrical appliances, instruments, meters, home appliances, and assets, six to eighty percent of the parts must rely on mold molding. In 2005, China's mold market capacity has reached about 80 billion yuan. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the market share of China's mold industry will reach 120 billion yuan. Although the current mold industry has a broad market space, the investment risk of industrial investment has risen sharply due to the foreign-owned monopoly squeezed industry profit margins and the problems of domestic enterprises themselves.
1. Foreign-funded enterprises are stepping up their efforts to eat the mold market
During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, China's mold enterprises have experienced rapid growth, with an average annual growth rate of 20%. In 2005, China's mold industry mold sales of 61 billion yuan, an increase of 25% over the previous year, plus more than 2 billion US dollars in imports, the Chinese mold market capacity has reached 80 billion yuan. Experts predict that during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's mold market share will reach 120 billion yuan.
In recent years, the new round of expansion of international mold manufacturing giants in China has been in full swing. Germany's Haila Jilin settled; Japan's Toyota Mould set up a factory in Tianjin; the Shenzhen Mould Factory, which was invested and built by Belrose, Finland, was officially put into production recently, providing high-end mold products for the telecommunications, health care, electronics, and automotive industries.
A large amount of foreign capital has entered alone, and it does not help to improve China's own mold level. Foreign-funded enterprises have advanced technology and financial strength, and then use China's labor force and cheap raw materials. The competitive advantage is self-evident. The Chinese companies that have been occupying the high-end mold market are even more inaccessible, which means that Chinese-funded enterprises have no chance to upgrade their grades. . What Chinese companies are most afraid of is that their own strength has not yet increased, and foreign-funded enterprises have already completed a monopoly on the Chinese mold market.
At present, China's mold enterprises are second only to Japan and the United States, but most of them are concentrated in the middle and low-end areas, with low technical level and added value. According to the data provided by China Die & Mould Industry Association, the precision and complex stamping dies and plastic molds, car cover molds, electronic connectors and other electronic product molds urgently needed by China's manufacturing industry still rely heavily on imports. The import and export deficit of mold products exceeds 10 More than one billion dollars.
Second, many problems in domestic-funded enterprises need to be solved urgently
According to incomplete statistics, there are currently more than 20,000 factory outlets producing molds, more than half of which are self-produced. At the same time, most of them are small enterprises. In recent years, the pace of structural adjustment and institutional reform in the mold industry has accelerated, but the level of design and manufacturing is generally much behind that of industrial developed countries. Mainly manifested in:
1. Industry innovation ability is weak
The mold industry is a technology-intensive, capital-intensive industry. With the advancement of the times and the development of technology, there is an abnormal shortage of talents who can master and apply new technologies. Senior mold fitters and corporate management talents are also very scarce. Due to the poor efficiency of the mold enterprises and the insufficient attention to scientific research and development and technological breakthroughs, the overall investment in the mold industry in research and development and technological research is too small. The difficulty of private enterprise loans also affects the technological transformation of many enterprises, resulting in a small pace of scientific and technological progress and unsatisfactory progress.
2. The overall efficiency of the industry is low
Although many domestic enterprises have adopted advanced processing equipment, the overall level of equipment is still much behind that of foreign companies. In particular, the numerical control rate of equipment and the coverage rate of CAD/CAM applications are much lower than those of foreign companies.
Due to institutional and financial reasons, the introduction of equipment is not matched, equipment and accessories are not compatible, and the problem of low equipment utilization has not been solved for a long time. The low level of equipment has brought about problems such as the high proportion of fitters in China's mold enterprises.
3. Specialization, standardization, low degree of commercialization, poor cooperation
The low level of mold standardization and the low coverage of standard parts also have a great impact on mold quality and cost. In particular, it has a great influence on the mold manufacturing cycle.
4. Mold materials and mold related technologies are backward
The performance, quality and variety of mold materials often affect mold quality, life and cost, and domestic mold steel has a large gap compared with imported steel. The poor performance of plastics, plates and equipment also directly affects the improvement of the mold level.
Third, the external environment analysis
Foreign-funded enterprises generally do not choose joint ventures because their core technologies are unwilling to go out. There are two modes for foreign-invested enterprises to enter: First, they enter with their supporting enterprises (ie, customers), which is characterized by professional services for a single customer, and the same variety of molds; the second is to enter China. Foreign-funded mold companies invest in China with the aim of using China's cheap labor and cheap steel to make more profits.
According to industry insiders, in foreign companies, the mold shop is a “secret workshopâ€, and outsiders cannot be close to it. Setting up a factory in China, foreign capital has both funds and independent technology, and does not require joint ventures with Chinese companies. They are just to reduce labor costs. Moreover, they still put the design abroad and spread it to other companies in China through the network.
Fourth, internal environment analysis
1. Domestic self-distribution rate is less than 80%. Among them, the supply of medium and low-grade molds is over-demand, and the self-distribution rate of medium and high-grade molds is less than 60%
2. The organizational structure, product structure, technical structure and import and export structure of the enterprise are not reasonable enough. Most of China's mold production plants are self-produced and self-contained tooling workshops (sub-factories), and most of the professional mold factories are "big and complete" and "small but complete" organizational forms. Most foreign mold companies are “small and specialized†and “small but fineâ€; China's mold self-production ratio is as high as 50%, while more than 70% of foreign products are commodity molds. The proportion of large, precise, complex and long-life molds in domestic molds is only about 30%, and foreign countries are above 50%. In 2006, China's total mold import was US$2.047 billion, and the total export value was US$1.041 billion. After import and export, the net import was US$1.06 billion, which is the country with the largest net import value.
3. The level of mold products and production technology is generally much lower than the international advanced level, and the mold production cycle is much longer than the international advanced level. The low production level is mainly reflected in the accuracy, cavity surface roughness, life and complexity of the mold; the low level of technology is mainly in the design, processing, process equipment and so on.
4. The development capability is weak and the economic efficiency is not good. The proportion of technicians in China's mold enterprises is relatively low and the level is low. Not paying attention to product development, it is often in a passive position in the market. The average annual production value of molds per employee in China is about 20,000 US dollars, while the developed countries in the mold industry are mostly 200,000 US dollars. As a result, China's mold enterprises have poor economic returns, and most of them are meager. Lack of stamina.
5. The level of mold standardization and the use of mold standard parts are low. The coverage rate of mold standard parts in foreign advanced countries is over 70%, and the coverage rate of domestic mold standard parts is only about 45%.
6. Compared with the international advanced level, the management of mold enterprises is lagging behind the backwardness of technology. The backwardness of technology is easy to be discovered, and the backwardness of management is easily overlooked. Most domestic mold companies still use the past workshop management model. There are not many real enterprises that realize modern enterprise management.
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