The types of weighting agents can be classified into three categories according to their source: natural hormones produced in animals, chemically synthesized, and produced in plants or microbial cells.
(A) natural animal hormone weighting agents Natural animal hormones weighting agents can be produced in animals, such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and so on. These natural animal hormone weighting agents are generally harmless as long as they are used properly. Such weighting agents are still in use in some countries.
(2) Weighting agents produced in plants or molds These weighting agents are produced by plants or molds. Such substances are more or less due to the action of estrogen when expressing anabolic activity. Among these vegetable weighting agents, only zearalenol has been isolated and used in beef cattle production (the Ministry of Agriculture has no longer used it).
(III) Chemical synthesis weighting agent The chemical synthesis weighting agent is diethylstilbestrol (DES). Diethylstilbestrol, hexestrol and their derivatives. Such weight-increasing animals cannot be produced in vivo. Activity as an oral or implant is not beneficial to animals. Such weighting agents have been banned in many countries.
Mechanism of action of weighting agents
Natural animal and synthetic androgen enter the body and transport proteins into the blood circulation, which easily enters the structure of the striated muscle cells, resulting in a significant increase in skeletal muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter. Androgens form protein receptor complexes in cells that perform biological functions in conjunction with androgens. Therefore, the weight gain of androgens and their derivatives is mainly achieved by the nutritional effects on muscles, and may have a direct effect on myofibrils as well as the cellular structure of livestock reproductive organs. Estrogen can promote the synthesis of protein in the body, especially in the metabolism of nitrogen, so that the body's utilization of amino acids is increased, the excretion of ammonia is reduced, the content of steroids is increased, and the fat content is reduced, so that the cows gain weight and feed. Remuneration increased, but had no significant effect on feed digestibility.
In summary, the above three types of weighting agents are used to fatten beef cattle, mainly by changing the balance of endogenous sterols, insulin, thyroxine and growth hormone. Most of these hormones regulate the anabolic strength of the animal and increase the cell membrane. Permeability of amino acids and other protein components, reducing the catabolism of protein in the muscle to achieve weight gain.
(A) natural animal hormone weighting agents Natural animal hormones weighting agents can be produced in animals, such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and so on. These natural animal hormone weighting agents are generally harmless as long as they are used properly. Such weighting agents are still in use in some countries.
(2) Weighting agents produced in plants or molds These weighting agents are produced by plants or molds. Such substances are more or less due to the action of estrogen when expressing anabolic activity. Among these vegetable weighting agents, only zearalenol has been isolated and used in beef cattle production (the Ministry of Agriculture has no longer used it).
(III) Chemical synthesis weighting agent The chemical synthesis weighting agent is diethylstilbestrol (DES). Diethylstilbestrol, hexestrol and their derivatives. Such weight-increasing animals cannot be produced in vivo. Activity as an oral or implant is not beneficial to animals. Such weighting agents have been banned in many countries.
Mechanism of action of weighting agents
Natural animal and synthetic androgen enter the body and transport proteins into the blood circulation, which easily enters the structure of the striated muscle cells, resulting in a significant increase in skeletal muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter. Androgens form protein receptor complexes in cells that perform biological functions in conjunction with androgens. Therefore, the weight gain of androgens and their derivatives is mainly achieved by the nutritional effects on muscles, and may have a direct effect on myofibrils as well as the cellular structure of livestock reproductive organs. Estrogen can promote the synthesis of protein in the body, especially in the metabolism of nitrogen, so that the body's utilization of amino acids is increased, the excretion of ammonia is reduced, the content of steroids is increased, and the fat content is reduced, so that the cows gain weight and feed. Remuneration increased, but had no significant effect on feed digestibility.
In summary, the above three types of weighting agents are used to fatten beef cattle, mainly by changing the balance of endogenous sterols, insulin, thyroxine and growth hormone. Most of these hormones regulate the anabolic strength of the animal and increase the cell membrane. Permeability of amino acids and other protein components, reducing the catabolism of protein in the muscle to achieve weight gain.
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