After hundreds of experimental explorations and process validations, the research team of Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics successfully developed a 4 m diameter silicon carbide mirror blank in 6 years, which can be directly applied to the visible light band, and the entire production process uses completely independent intellectual property rights. The preparation process and equipment to achieve China's "asymmetric catch-up" in key science and technology.
"If you aim the Hubble telescope at the Earth, you can barely see the dishes on the table; but if you change to a 4-meter mirror, the resolution will be increased by a factor of three, and you can count the number of breads in the plate." Zhang Wei, director of the Laboratory of Advanced Optics and Structural Materials at Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, said.
Modern large-scale optical telescope systems use a reflective structure. The most important component is the mirror, which is equivalent to the "corneal" of the "clairvoyant". The larger the diameter of the mirror, the stronger the resolution and concentrating power of the telescope. Silicon carbide materials are recognized as high performance mirror materials in the international optical world. China is totally dependent on imports for the development of large-diameter mirror materials. It is extremely urgent to develop large-caliber mirror blank manufacturing technology.
Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics is the birthplace of optical materials in China. In the late 1990s, Changchun Guangji began to work on optical grade silicon carbide materials. However, the manufacture of large-diameter complex-shaped silicon carbide mirror blanks is extremely difficult, especially the unconstrained deformation of the mirror body and the precise control of the temperature field, which is a recognized problem in the world. In the current public report, the world's largest caliber silicon carbide mirror blank developed by France is 3.5 meters, but it can only be applied to the far infrared band (the human eye cannot directly observe its image); it is applied to the visible light band (human eye can Directly observed mirrors have a maximum diameter of only 1.5 meters.
In 2015, China's first commercial remote sensing satellite "Jilin No. 1" satellite was launched. It used the 624 mm mirror developed by the team, and the photos were clear and bright. As large-diameter silicon carbide mirror technology continues to evolve, this technology will play a greater role in space-to-ground observations, deep space exploration, and astronomical observations.
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