introduction
Due to energy and environmental considerations, automotive lightweight research has received wide attention from countries around the world. Increasing the proportion of light alloys (aluminum and magnesium alloys) in automotive components is one of the important means of automotive lightweighting. Foreign cars (mainly cars and light vehicles) have widely used light alloy wheels instead of steel wheels. Domestic cars and light-duty vehicles are gradually developing in this direction. In addition, light alloys have received much attention as the lightest structural materials in recent years. With the decline in the price of raw magnesium materials, the improvement of the forming process and its equipment, and the improvement of the anti-corrosion process, the use of light alloy wheels in automobiles will be further developed.
1 Light alloy wheel features
1.1 Fuel saving
On average, each light alloy wheel is 2kg lighter than a steel wheel of the same size, and 5 cars in one car saves 10kg. According to the Japanese experiment, the weight of a 5-seat car is reduced by 1kg, and about 20L of gasoline is saved in one year. According to a research report published by the American Society of Automotive Engineers, light alloy wheels are more expensive than ordinary steel wheels, but when each car runs to 20,000 km, the fuel cost saved is enough to offset the cost.
1.2 Increase engine life
According to the engine load and power curve, when the load increases to a certain extent, its power will decrease. This margin will indicate that the engine will be more difficult (especially fuel consumption) and the engine load will be reduced every 1 unit load. Naturally reduce malfunctions and extend life.
1.3 Good heat dissipation
Light alloys have a heat transfer coefficient three times that of steel. The heat dissipation effect is good. When the long-distance high-speed driving, the tire can be kept at an appropriate temperature, the brake drum and the tire are not easy to age, the life is increased, the chance of the tire is reduced, and the safe driving of the automobile is effectively guaranteed.
1.4 Good roundness
The precision is up to 0.05mm, and the running balance performance is good, which is beneficial to eliminate the general body length and steering wheel jitter phenomenon, high vibration damping characteristics and more comfort.
1.5 sturdy and durable
Light alloy wheels have higher impact strength, tensile strength and thermal strength than steel wheels. This is one of the reasons why light alloys play an important role in the defense industry and the aviation industry.
1.6 beautiful
Due to limited production, the general steel wheels are monotonous and lacking in variation; light alloy wheels have a variety of designs, plus gloss and color effects, which enhances the value and aesthetics of the car. Light alloy wheels produced by casting method can produce any space surface and shape to match different models, meet the needs of different users, and are not easy to hide dirt and easy to clean.
2 Light alloy wheel structure and various parts of the function
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