High speed, high efficiency, high precision and high reliability are the main trends in the development of modern CNC machine tools, and also the basic requirements for CNC machine tools to enter automobile manufacturing equipment. To increase machining efficiency, it is first necessary to increase the cutting and feed rates while reducing the machining time. To ensure the quality of the machining, the accuracy of the trajectory of the machine components must be improved, and reliability is the basic guarantee of the above objectives.
CNC machine tools play an important role in automobile manufacturing equipment. Although domestic CNC machine tools have made gratifying progress in recent years, there are still many gaps compared with similar foreign products. In general, domestic CNC machine tools can not meet the needs of automotive equipment in terms of product variety, performance and reliability, especially high-end CNC machine tools. As a result, the import of CNC machine tools has increased rapidly in recent years, and the market share of domestic CNC machine tools is not high, and it is declining year by year.
In terms of accuracy, taking the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of typical parts processed by machining center as an example, compared with the domestic and international levels, the domestic average is 0.008~0.010mm, and the international advanced level is 0.002~0.003mm. The gap is analyzed according to the above statistical rules. About 15 years or so.
In terms of reliability, taking the average trouble-free working time as an example, the internationally advanced machine tools have a mean time between failures (MTBF) of more than 5,000 hours, while domestic machine tools are only about 600 hours. The high failure rate of domestic machine tools is one of the most powerful problems reflected by users. According to the current demand for automobile manufacturing equipment, the MTBF should be at least 3,000 hours. It can be seen that the reliability of domestic CNC machine tools must be upgraded as soon as possible, otherwise it will be eliminated by the automobile manufacturing equipment industry. Reliability design of new CNC machine tools, reliability growth of existing products, and improvement of reliability of CNC machine tools will enable domestic CNC machine tools to occupy a place in the field of automobile manufacturing equipment.
Product reliability refers to the ability to perform a specified function under specified conditions within a specified time period. The CNC machine tool system is a complex system integrating machine, electricity and liquid, and its reliability issues cover a wide range. These include system reliability issues, reliability issues with electronic components, structural reliability issues, and organizational reliability issues. To carry out the reliability work of CNC machine tools, we can learn from the methods and experience of reliability in aerospace and other fields. However, the reliability of CNC machine tools also has a strong speciality. It is necessary to carry out reliability research work and overcome the key technologies. This topic will focus on the key technologies of CNC machine tool reliability.
High-speed, high-precision reliability analysis design and test technology for complex systems of machine, electricity and liquid are the frontier topics of reliability. Studying the reliability analysis design method, reliability test and reliability growth technology of CNC machine tool system, it lays a theoretical foundation for the reliability analysis design and test of CNC machine tool system, which has very realistic needs.
With the development of high-speed, high-efficiency and high-precision CNC machine tools, the dynamic performance of machine tool structure and mechanism is particularly prominent, which is the bottleneck restricting the development of high-speed and high-precision machine tools. Therefore, it is not only strong to study the dynamic reliability of machine tool structure and mechanism. Academic significance, but also has important application value. Establishing a dynamic reliability design method for machine tools is a top priority for machine tool design. The dynamic reliability of machine structure and mechanism includes dynamic strength (life) reliability and dynamic accuracy reliability. Structural and mechanical dynamic strength reliability is an important aspect of machine tool reliability, directly affecting the reliability of the entire CNC machine tool system. The dynamic accuracy and reliability design of structure and mechanism is the fundamental way to ensure the accuracy of machine tools.
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