[China Aluminum Industry Net] The main thermal equipments for smelting aluminum include calcining and sintering furnaces, electrolytic cells and smelting furnaces. The lining of the rotary kiln firing zone is generally made of high-alumina brick masonry, and the Other parts can be lined with clay bricks. A layer of fire-resistant fiber mat is laid around the heat insulation layer near the furnace shell, and then a layer of lightweight bricks is built or lightly used. Quality refractory castable watered.
The electrolytic cell tank shell is made of steel plates, and the inner side of the tank shell is covered with a layer of insulation board or fire-resisting fiber felt, then light bricks are cast or light-weight fireproof castables are poured, and then the clay bricks are built to form a non-working layer.
The working layer of the electrolytic cell can only use carbonaceous or silicon carbide refractories with good electrical conductivity to withstand the penetration of aluminum melt and the fluoride electrolyte. In the past, the working layers of electrolytic cell walls were generally constructed of carbon blocks. In recent years, some countries in Japan and Western Europe used silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide bricks to obtain better results.
The working layer of the bottom of the electrolytic cell is generally made of carbon block masonry, with small joints and filled with carbon paste to prevent the penetration of the aluminum melt and enhance the conductivity.
The more commonly used aluminum melting equipment is a reverberatory furnace. Contact linings of molten aluminum generally use high-alumina bricks with an Al2O3 content of 80% to 85%. When smelting high-purity aluminum, mullite or corundum bricks are preferred. Some factories use silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks in locations such as hearth slopes and waste aluminum materials that are susceptible to erosion and wear. Flow aluminum tanks and aluminum outlet and other parts, the aluminum melt is relatively heavy erosion, generally using self-bonded or silicon nitride combined silicon carbide brick masonry, but also for zircon brick lining. Out of aluminum plugs, the use of vacuum cast refractory cones better. The lining that does not come into contact with the molten aluminum is generally made of clay brick refractory materials such as refractory castables or refractory plastics. In order to speed up the smelting speed and save energy, lightweight bricks, lightweight refractory castables, and refractory fiber products are commonly used as insulation layers.
Aluminum smelting induction crucible furnace is also commonly used equipment, its lining is generally made of Al2O3 content of 70% to 80% of high-alumina refractory castables or refractory ramming material production, but also for the lining of corundum fire-resistant concrete.
The molten aluminum flows from the aluminum outlet of the furnace and flows through the aluminum channel. The slot lining is generally made of silicon carbide bricks and is also useful for fused foamed silica sand prefabricated blocks. If the prefabricated block is used as a slot lining, the surface shall be coated with fused silica sand or a high alumina cement fused foam silica sand refractory castable as a protective layer.
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