The ceramic nano-composite film material is coated on the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder and the working belt of the mold, and the compactness and high-strength performance of the nano-film can improve the strength of the mold and wear resistance.
The manufacture of nano-powders or particles is currently the most successful commercial application of nanotechnology, but in fact it is not a breakthrough invention, but the use of the traditional micro-machining technology, and then the introduction of nano-concepts, created new Technology concept. To mention breakthrough, forward-looking innovations, nano-components or nanomechanical devices "target=_blank> machinery may be more appropriate. In this regard, scientists' early ideas were to use artificial intelligence. Nano-robots, in order to achieve the goal of automation and mass production of nano-products, that is, using nano-robots to directly arrange atoms or molecules according to the shape of the product, thereby achieving a mode-free production method. However, in the current technology, although Devices that manipulate atoms, such as STM or AFM, have been invented and successfully applied, but in fact it still shows very difficult technology, not only the process is complicated, but also the cost is very high. The current technical level can only be used to stack planes. The pattern of nano-invented and successful applications, talking about nano-3D objects or even complex atomic robots, has a long way to go.
Since it is unrealistic to produce with STM or nano-robots, is there any other way to achieve the goal of mass production of nano-products? The easiest way is to use nano molds as production tools.
There are two definitions of nano molds:
1. Nano-scale molds with precision and size, such as carbon nanotubes and nano-plastic molds;
2. Using the surface treatment, a layer of nano-scale coating material is coated on the surface of the mold to enhance the strength of the mold, reduce wear and prolong the service life, and the obtained mold can also be called a nano mold. However, strictly speaking, the first definition is more appropriate, and the second explanation is not much different from the general surface treatment.
The carbon nanotube mold is a carbon nanotube (CNT) discovered by Japan's NEC Corporation Iijima Chengnan. It is a special structure (the radial dimension is nanometer, the axial dimension is micron, so its aspect ratio is large, One-dimensional nanomaterials, which are often more than a thousand times longer, have great application potential due to their many excellent and unique optical, electrical and mechanical properties, and are one of the key materials for scrutiny research in various countries around the world.
Since CNT is hollow and can be "dissolved", it is suitable as a material for nano-mold, which is one of the main applications of CNT. After the CNT mold is filled with carbon nanotubes using a suitable metal such as gold, and then the carbon layer is etched away, nanowires used in the electronic connector and "molecular sieves" having high-speed selectivity can be fabricated. At present, the use of CNTs to produce nanowires is the most reliable method. In addition to CNT, nano-mold can also be made into nano-mold by using very short-wavelength radiation waves, and special processing can be used to make nano-scale products with nanometer precision. Japan uses this method to make ultra-micro plastic molds, which are then immersed in a plating solution, and metal is precipitated from the plating solution, and then fine parts are formed in the mold, and the precision of the product can reach 30 to 50 nm.
Molds combined with nanotechnology are based on a second interpretation of nanomold definitions. Molds generally need to withstand high temperature, high pressure, high friction and alternating stress and local stress concentration. The process environment is very harsh, so the mold is often scrapped due to wear, collapse, cracks, streaks, plastic deformation, bending and breaking. The use of nanotechnology, applied to tooling, can effectively eliminate the cause of mold scrapping, and thus improve the life of the mold.
There are two specific methods used:
1. The ceramic nano-composite film material is coated on the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder and the working belt of the mold, and the compactness and high-strength performance of the nano-film can improve the strength of the mold and wear resistance.
2, the quality of lubrication is one of the factors affecting the failure of the mold, especially in the difficult deformation extrusion (titanium alloy, steel titanium alloy, steel), stamping and other metal forming technology. If the nano-lubricant is coated on the inner surface of the tool, the workability of the material can be greatly enhanced. Because nano-lubricants can withstand high pressure, have sufficient viscosity and surface adsorption capacity in the processing temperature range, and have low friction coefficient (such as carbon 60 composed of nanoparticles with self-lubricating effect), high temperature stability and high corrosion resistance advantage.
At present and in the future, nanotechnology will focus on the research and manufacture of nanostructured materials and products that meet atomic precision. It is expected that nano mold technology will have a breakthrough development in the future, and various mold manufacturing methods and nano material processing techniques for molds will be developed. It is even possible to realize the nano-design path proposed by the nano-robots, and to quickly and automatically process ultra-fine products, truly achieving the realm of mold-free production and commercialization of ultra-fine products.
Http://news.chinawj.com.cn Editor: (Hardware Business Network Information Center) http://news.chinawj.com.cn
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