Green onion field pest-free pollution control technology, onion has the effect of Lifei Tongyang, sweating solution, through the milk to stop bleeding, fixed pain healing, for dysentery, abdominal pain, arthritis, constipation and other symptoms. Onion has a unique spicy flavor, derived from volatile sulfide-onion, which stimulates saliva and gastric juice secretion and increases appetite. The malic acid and phosphate sugar contained in the onion can stimulate the nerves, improve the circulation, and clear the heat. Eating onions often reduces the accumulation of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels. In the field of scallions, there are mainly onion horses, snails, and onion species. The following is a detailed introduction to the identification of these pests and pollution-free prevention.
First, the onion horse
Also known as small white worms, smoked horses. Adults and nymphs use the sucking mouthparts to suck the sap in the leaves, so that the onion leaves form many fine long yellow-white spots. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow and white, twisted, dead and drooping, which seriously affects the yield and quality of the green onions.
1. The law occurs. Onion horses can occur all year round, 3-10 generations in a year. Adults or nymphs (adults) are overwintered in the sheath of the onion and in the soil, in the leaves, or in the weeds between the weeds and the grass covered with grass and manure. The suitable environment for hazard on the onion is: temperature 23-28 ° C, relative humidity 40-70%. When the nymphs die more than 38 °C, the damage is reduced under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Onion horses generally begin to breed and endanger in the Spring. The hazards are the heaviest in late May and early June, and the rains are more after July. Onion horses and horses are afraid of light, mainly at night, and are generally harmful in the backlight during the day.
2, prevention measures
(1) Remove the overwintering places of onion and horses and reduce the source of overwintering insects. When planting the land before planting, timely remove the residual weeds and dead leaves of the field weeds and the former crops, concentrate deep burial or burning, and reduce the overwintering places of onions and horses. During the growth of green onions, weeding, cultivating, reducing the habitat and breeding grounds of onion and horses.
(2) Changing the environmental conditions in the field to suppress the occurrence of pests. In the early spring drought, timely irrigation, use small water to pour the way to increase the humidity in the field, to inhibit the hazards of onion and thrips.
(3) trapping adult insects and reducing the density of insect populations. Use the white oil plate to lure the onion horse. The method is: use white cardboard, put on a plastic film bag, apply medicated oil on both sides of the front and back (add a little zinc sulphur in the oil), and set the prepared white plate at a height of 50 cm from the ground at a distance of 7 meters. In the sunny day, 9-12 o'clock in the morning, the white plate is fixed to the southwest direction. Has a good trapping effect.
(4) Chemical control. 50% dimethoate emulsion, 50% malathion, 50% Bataan wettable powder 1000 times solution, 25% killing emulsifiable concentrate 6000 times liquid rotation, alternate spraying. Each agent is sprayed only once in one growing season of green onions. And stop taking the drug 10-15 days before the reception. In order to reduce the amount of pesticide residues in the onion products, the quality of the products is up to standard.
Second, Liriomyza sativa
Also known as the leaf miner, leafhopper. The larvae linger in the leaves throughout the life, feeding on the mesophyll, and the snake-like tunnels are seen on the leaves. After the leaves are eaten, only two layers of white transparent leaf epidermis are left. In severe cases, one leaf is harmed by multiple insects. The mesophyll is eaten in large quantities, seriously affecting the progress of photosynthesis.
1. The law occurs. 3-5 generations occurred in 1 year, so that the wintering in the soil and soil of the smashed green onion. In the first half of May, the adult was in full bloom. In the evening, the adults scattered the eggs in the leaf tissue of the onion. The eggs were white. After 4-5 days, the larvae hatched, and the feeding was started in the leaves. The June was the end of the hazard. The mature larvae pupate at the end of the tunnel, and after the pupation, the epidermis of the broken leaf begins to emerge. Because the larvae of the leaf miner has been harmed in the leaves, the air humidity has little effect on its growth and development, but the temperature has a great influence. When the weather is hot, the development is poor and the damage is light.
(1) Clean the garden and eliminate the insect source. Before planting and after harvesting, the residual leaves and dead leaves in the field should be removed in time, and the fields should be burnt and buried deep, and deep-turned and winter-irrigated to eliminate the overwintering insect source.
(2) trapping adults. You can use 100 grams of brown sugar and vinegar, add 1000 grams of water to boil, add 40 grams of trichlorfon, adjust to evenness, then mix evenly on 40 kilograms of hay and leaves, and sprinkle it into the field to trap adults.
(3) Chemical control. The adult and the egg should be killed during the period of adult spawning or larva hatching. In the first half of May, pesticides and ovicides were sprayed once a week. Tobacco lime water can also be used to kill the egg. The method is as follows: use 0.5 kg of tobacco leaves, soak in 20 kg of clear water for a day and night, then filter out the tobacco leaves and smoke residue; then use 10 kg of water to convert 0.25 kg of quicklime into lime milk, and then filter . Mix the tobacco leaf water and the lime milk before use, and use it. Adults occur with 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times solution, 50% trichlorfon 800 times solution, 25% killing sputum emulsifiable concentrate 6000 times liquid rotation, alternate spraying. Each agent is sprayed only once in one growing season of green onions. And stop taking the drug 10-15 days before the reception.
Third, onion flies
1. The law occurs. Three generations occur in 1 year, and the larvae or larvae overwinter. The first generation larvae was in mid-May, the second generation larvae was in mid-June, and the third-generation larvae was in mid-October. Adults are most active at noon, focusing on onions and garlic. The egg period is generally 6 days, the larval stage is generally 17-20 days, and the mature larvae are phlegm and winter in the soil.
2, prevention and treatment technology
(1) Fertilization and flies. Onion flies are rotted, and farmyard manures such as manure and cake fertilizer applied to the field must be fully decomposed to reduce the accumulation of pests. More applied to the river mud, bauxite and old house soil to make the base fertilizer, river mud, bauxite and old house soil have the smell that the onion flies do not like, and have the ability to fly.
(2) Eliminate wintering larvae and mites. The winter free plots of the early onions are cultivated, and deep-turning is carried out at the end of autumn, and the wintering larvae and pupa are partially killed. In addition, winter irrigation can also effectively kill some wintering cockroaches.
(3) Using sweet and sour liquid to trap adult worms. Use 0.5 kg of brown sugar, 0.25 kg of vinegar, 0.05 kg of wine, 0.5 kg of water, add a little bit of trichlorfon, pour the prepared sweet and sour liquid into the pot, keep it 5 cm deep, and put it into the field.
(4) Chemical control. During the adult period, at the noon, spray 21% of the killing emulsifiable concentrate 3000-4000 times solution; 2.5% of the deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times; each agent is sprayed once in the growing season of the green onion, before the harvest Stop taking the medicine for 10-15 days. When the onion seedlings are planted, 75% of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is used to root the roots to prevent larval damage.
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