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Wearable electronic devices, such as electronic skin, smart watches, and sports wristbands, have shown great potential for replacing traditional electronic products. However, due to the limited size of devices, battery life is short and applications are limited. A conventional strategy is to fabricate lightweight high-efficiency power generation modules and high-energy storage devices directly into wearable electronic systems, such as self-powered systems composed of fiber-based photovoltaic cells and capacitors. However, the working status of the photovoltaic cell depends on external conditions such as the weather, and it can only work under sufficient illumination. Moreover, the day-night alternation and haze are serious. The intermittent and unpredictability of solar energy determines that it is not always available. How to use it It is imperative that different working mechanisms collect energy from the environment to replace and compensate for the shortage of solar energy. In contrast, the friction nano-generator proposed by Wang Zhonglin, chief scientist of the Beijing Institute of Nano Energy and Systems, Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2012, can harvest different mechanical energy from the environment. Frictional nanogenerators are mainly based on the coupling effects of frictional electrification and electrostatic induction. For frequencies below 5 Hz mechanical energy, they have the advantage that conventional generators cannot be defeated. They are very suitable for collecting conventional methods such as waves, tidal waves, and human motion that are difficult to collect. Energy, therefore, proposes a new strategy for simultaneously collecting multiple types of energy from the environment. By combining two different power generation units to collect solar energy and mechanical energy at the same time, and storing them, the energy resources can be used effectively and complementarily.
In view of the above ideas, under the guidance of Wang Zhonglin, a team consisting of Wen Zhen, Ye Xinxin, and Guo Hengyu has developed a multi-energy collection and storage composite fabric based on fiber-tubular friction nano-generators, dye-sensitized solar cells, and super capacitors. system. Among them, dye-sensitized solar cells mainly use EVA hoses as the basic frame structure. TiO2 nanotubes are prepared on the Ti wire by electrochemical anodic oxidation. Pt is grown on the carbon fiber as a counter electrode and injected into the electrolyte. That is, a single fiber tubular dye-sensitized solar cell is constructed, and its short-circuit current density, open circuit voltage, and fill factor are 11.92 mA/cm2, 0.74 V, and 0.64, respectively, under the standard light source conditions, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 5.64%; The supercapacitor mainly uses the EVA hose as the basic frame structure. The RuO2·xH2O is prepared on the carbon fiber by the steam thermal method. With the PVA/H3PO4 electrolyte, the specific capacitance can still be maintained at 1.9 at a high current density of 1,000μA. mF/cm, energy density up to 1.37 mJ/cm; friction nanogenerators are based on the basic structure of dye-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors. Electrode and friction layer materials are plated on the surface of EVA tubes. Single pair of fiber tubular friction nanometers The generator can output 12.6 V and 0.15 μA current when simulating contact separation motion. All kinds of single-type devices are made of flexible structural materials and exhibit good output performance at different bending angles. Therefore, the above devices can be arbitrarily combined and braided into different shapes and patterns, and circuit design is performed according to the output performance. The ultimate goal is to simultaneously collect solar energy and human motion machinery energy and store it on the fabric.
The sustainable power supply fabric has a very high energy collection efficiency and can easily drive conventional electronic devices such as light emitting diodes, digital watches and various sensors, etc. It is believed that through the continuous improvement and industrialization of the specifications, it will be manufactured in the near future. The new self-powered textile can be easily used to directly charge more powerful wearable electronic devices. Related work was recently published in the latest issue of the "Science Advances" journal entitled Self-Powered Textile by Hybridizing All Fiber-Shaped Triboelectric Nanogenerator-Solar Cell-Supercapacitor for Wearable Electronics.
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