Table 3 Comparison of the number of punching of the mold with reasonable sharpening and without sharpening
2. Correct use and maintenance of the mold
The service life of CNC punching die, in addition to reasonable mold structure, high manufacturing precision, good heat treatment effect and correct selection of punching and punching die mounting precision, etc., the correct use, maintenance and maintenance of the mold can not be ignored. The link to this should pay attention to the following points:
(1) Before installing the mold, it should be strictly inspected to remove dirt and check whether the guide sleeve and mold of the mold are well lubricated.
(2) Regularly check the turntable of the punch and the mold mounting base to ensure the coaxial accuracy of the upper and lower turntables.
(3) According to the installation procedure of the mold, the convex and concave molds are mounted on the turntable to ensure the uniform direction of the convex and concave molds, especially the molds with non-circular and square orientations are required to prevent misassembly and reverse loading.
(4) After the mold is installed, check whether the fastening screws of the mold mounting base are locked correctly.
(5) When the punch and die edge of the punching die are worn out, it should be stopped and sharpened in time. Otherwise, the degree of wear of the die edge will be rapidly expanded, the die wear will be accelerated, and the punch quality and die life will be reduced.
(6) For general-purpose molds used in mass production, there should be backups in order to rotate production to ensure production.
(7) The stamping personnel should use the softer metal (such as copper, aluminum, etc.) to make the operation tool to prevent the mold from being damaged when knocking or smashing during the installation process.
(8) In the process of mold transportation, it should be handled gently, and it is never allowed to throw and bump, so as not to damage the cutting edge and guide of the mold.
(9) After the mold is used, it should be put back to the designated position in time, and treated with oil and rust.
(10) To ensure the service life of the mold, the Spring of the mold should be replaced regularly to prevent the fatigue damage of the spring from affecting the use of the mold.
3. Common problems in the use of punching molds
(1) The punch is worn too fast
The main reason: 1 mold gap is too small, it is generally recommended that the total gap of the mold is 20% to 25% of the material thickness. 2 The centering of the convex and concave mold is not good, including the mold base and the mold guide assembly and the lack of precision of the turret insert, etc., which causes the mold to be neutral. 3 The temperature of the punch is too high, mainly due to the overheating of the punch caused by continuous stamping of the same mold for a long time. 4 The mold sharpening method is improper, causing the mold to anneal and the wear is intensified. 5 partial unilateral die cutting, such as step punching, angle punching or shearing, the lateral force will make the punch side to one side, the gap of the side is reduced, causing serious mold wear, if the machine tool mold installation accuracy is not high, serious The punch will be biased over the lower die, causing damage to the punch and die.
(2) mold strip problem
The mold strip will cause the scrap to rebound. The related factors are: 1 The sharpness of the cutting edge of the mold, the larger the rounded corner of the cutting edge, the more likely the scrap will rebound. 2 The modulus of the mold, the modulus of each station of the machine tool is certain, the mold input modulus is small, and it is easy to cause the scrap to rebound. 3 Whether the gap of the mold is reasonable, if the gap of the mold is not suitable, it is easy to cause the scrap to rebound. 4 Whether there is more oil on the surface of the processed sheet. 5 spring fatigue damage.
Method of preventing mold stripping: 1 Use a special anti-strip die. 2 The mold is often sharpened and sharpened and demagnetized. 3 Increase the die gap. 4 The inclined edge die is used instead of the flat edge die. 5 mold installation and returning device. 6 Reasonably increase the modulus of the mold. 7 Check the fatigue strength of the mold spring or the unloading sleeve.
(3) mold neutrality problem
In the use of the mold, the wear amount of each side of the punch is likely to be different, and some parts have large scratches and wear faster, which is particularly obvious in the narrow rectangular mold. The main reasons for this problem: 1 The design or machining accuracy of the machine tool turret is insufficient, mainly because the centering of the mold mounting seat of the upper and lower turntable is not good. 2 The design or machining accuracy of the mold cannot meet the requirements. 3 The precision of the guide bush of the mold punch is not enough. 4 mold gap selection is not suitable. 5 The mold mount or the mold guide sleeve is not suitable for neutrality due to long-term wear and tear.
In order to prevent inconsistent mold wear, it should be: 1 Regularly use the centering mandrel to adjust the alignment of the machine turret and the mounting seat. 2 Replace the mold guide sleeve in time and select the convex and concave mold with appropriate clearance. 3 use full lead mold. 4 Strengthen the responsibility of the operators, find the reasons in time after discovery, and avoid causing more losses.
(4) Use of special forming molds
In order to meet the production needs, it is often necessary to use forming molds or special molds, mainly including bridge molds, louver molds, counterbore molds, flip hole tapping molds, boss molds, drawing dies, combined molds, etc., using special or Forming molds can greatly increase production efficiency, but the cost of forming molds is higher, usually 4 to 5 times that of ordinary molds. To avoid mistakes, you should pay attention to and follow the following principles:
1 Check the direction of the mold installation to ensure that the mold convex and concave molds are installed in the same direction.
2 Correctly adjust the stamping depth of the mold according to the requirements, and the adjustment is preferably not more than 0.15mm.
3 Use a lower punching speed.
4 The board should be flat without deformation or lifting.
5 The forming position should be as far as possible from the clamp.
6 When forming the mold, avoid the downward forming operation.
7 When stamping, press the ordinary mold first, and finally use the forming mold.
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