Energy strategy issues have attracted more and more attention both inside and outside the industry. Recently, a new book conference and the China Energy Strategy Seminar were held in Beijing Yuanwanglou Hotel.
The "Five Fingers Boxing Fighting China's Energy Strategy in Response to New Changes in the World" (hereinafter referred to as the "Five-finger Strategy") is one of the two energy-related works released on the same day. Based on systematically studying the energy situation, it has creatively proposed a new strategy: Before 2030, implement the energy strategy of energy saving, green, structure, safety and reform.
At present and in the coming years, the energy situation is severe. The study pointed out that the energy situation in energy countries presents five major new features: new turbulence in the international energy market, new pressures in energy use and trade, new bottlenecks in the supply of energy resources and environmental bearers, new contradictions in the energy management system, and energy technologies and energy production methods. Brewing new breakthroughs.
In recent years, China’s relevant departments have attached great importance to energy strategy research. In 2007, the White Paper on China's Energy Status and Policy once proposed the basic content of China's energy strategy: insisting on saving priorities, basing on domestic development, diversified development, relying on science and technology, protecting the environment, strengthening international mutually beneficial cooperation, and striving to build a stable, economical, clean and safe environment. Energy supply system.
"China's Energy Policy (2012)" will insist on saving priority, based on domestic development, multiple development, environmental protection, scientific and technological innovation, deepening reforms, international cooperation, and improving people's livelihood. It will be the basic content of China's energy policy and energy development policy.
Li Xiaoxi, a well-known economist and one of the leaders of the “Five-finger Strategy†project and deputy director of the academic committee of Beijing Normal University, believes that in response to changes in the domestic and international situation, the strategic content of the six white papers in the “China’s Energy Situation and Policy†2007 It seems that the emphasis is not enough and the generalization is insufficient.
In order to cope with the new energy situation, the study focused on energy strategy ideas put forward by relevant policy-making departments in 2007, combined with the content of energy policies in 2012, creatively proposed five energy sub-strategies for energy saving, green, structure, security and reform. Among them, the reform strategy is the institutional guarantee, through the improvement and reform of the energy management system to form an efficient energy operation mechanism.
The overall coordination and coordination of the five energy sub-components constitutes the five-fingered boxing energy strategy. Li Xiaoxi said.
In order to deepen reforms, top-level design should use electricity as a breakthrough
Although reform was listed as the end of the five-finger energy strategy, it seems to be even more important.
Li Xiaoxi believes that reform is the key to the strategy of the Big Five and promotes the smooth implementation of each strategy. Wang Zhen, executive deputy director of the Energy Strategy Research Institute of China University of Petroleum, even stated that reform should be placed at the head of the Big Five strategy.
After more than 30 years of reforms, China’s energy system has broken through the direct management model of government departments and government-to-government enterprises, with a high degree of concentration and administrative monopoly, and has initially formed a pattern of energy industry organizations with separate government and enterprises, multiple entities, and state-owned enterprises. However, in general, the separation of government and enterprises has not really been realized; the market structure is not reasonable; the price mechanism is not yet perfect; the industry management is still weak; the government management is not scientific enough, and the oversight of functions, absences, and insufficiency are widespread.
The reform of energy marketization requires top-level design. The study pointed out that the current lag in the energy marketization process is systemic, with both the problem of imperfect government management methods and the problems of market entities and operating mechanisms. It requires fundamental design and overall planning.
Among the listed solutions, the top-level design includes three elements: unified understanding, clear direction, rationalization of government functions, organic integration of market and government, and coordination; and further promotion of separation of government and enterprises, and removal of the policy burden of state-owned enterprises. And administrative privilege, nurture qualified energy market players and market environment; improve the energy management system, make up for market failures, and achieve an ideal economic and social goal.
The breakthrough in deepening the reform of China's energy marketization is in the power industry. Lin Weibin, deputy director of the “Five-finger Strategy†project and the deputy director of the China National Energy and Strategic Resources Research Center at Beijing Normal University, suggested that electricity reform should be used as a breakthrough point to take the lead in realizing the marketization of coal and electricity.
He believes that it is necessary to accelerate the direct purchase of electricity by large users, build a market pattern of buying more and selling more, accelerate the reform of electricity price formation mechanism, improve the power supervision system, and implement specialization supervision, continue to deepen the reform of power companies, and cultivate qualified market players. Improve the power investment management system, further relax the restrictions on access to the power market, and strengthen supervision of power grid investment.
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