Meet PX
Me and my family
PX is the abbreviation of my English name para-xylene. My Chinese name is p-xylene. I am an aromatic hydrocarbon compound, colorless, transparent, liquid, and aromatic.
The aromatics industry represented by me and the olefin industry represented by ethylene are the "two major families" of petrochemical industry.
Our aromatic hydrocarbon family includes: benzene, toluene, mixed xylene, o-xylene, p-xylene and heavy aromatics. Someone used to confuse me with my big brother benzene. In fact, I have a big difference with my brothers. Big brother benzene is a very toxic substance. Objectively speaking, I am poisonous, but the toxicity is much smaller than him. .
Industrially, I am from petroleum. The main use is to produce PTA (terephthalic acid), and most of the PTA is used to produce polyester, including polyester fiber, film and bottle.
In the production process, I am inseparable from oil. Our production steps are all in a loop, all in a complete set of equipment called "aromatics."
what can I do for you
I have a wide range of uses, almost infiltrating all aspects of clothing, food, housing, and travel. For example, plastic bottles for beverages such as colas that young people love to drink, the main raw material is me. Look at the clothing in the clothing store, now a lot of clothes are chemical fiber, durable and good-looking. You know, I am the main raw material for chemical fiber! Also, the new house in the house has to be renovated, what is the paint? Yes, I am me or me!
Today, with the rapid growth of automobiles, the demand for gasoline is also increasing. I am an important part of gasoline and I use it extensively in the field of blending components for motor gasoline. I dare say that I exist in gasoline in any country in the world.
I am poisonous in the end.
According to the MSDS, I am a low-toxic chemical that has a stimulating effect on the human eye and upper respiratory tract. It has an anesthetic effect on the central nervous system at high concentrations. Inhalation of higher concentrations in the short term may cause obvious irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract, conjunctival and pharyngeal congestion, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, weakness of the limbs, confusion, and gait. In severe cases, there may be convulsions, convulsions or coma, and some may have rickets.
In terms of acute toxicity, my "half lethal dose (LD50, orally administered by rats)" is 5000 mg/kg, while the value of salt is 4000-5000 mg/kg.
In the classification of possible carcinogenic factors of the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), I am only in the third category, that is, substances that lack evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) classifies me as A4, a substance that lacks evidence of carcinogenicity to humans and animals. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) classifies me as A4, a substance that lacks evidence of carcinogenicity to humans and animals.
In recent years, in some media reports, I have been labeled as "very toxic" and "high carcinogens", which has caused many people to smell it.
Although I am closely related to everyone's daily life, I am as stabbed as roses! Everyone's worry is not without reason. Although I am a low-toxic substance, if the preventive measures are not appropriate, a major spill will cause harm to personal safety and the atmospheric environment. Previously, the domestic PX device was also an accident. In 2000, a fire broke out in a 250,000 tonne/year PX project at a chemical fiber plant in China. After the investigation, the main reason was the lack of design. There was no shut-off valve at the bottom of the tower. The flame exceeded 100 meters and burned for more than ten hours. The accident caused three workers to be killed and polluted the local atmospheric environment.
Frankly speaking, compared to the production process, I may have more risks in the storage and transportation process. This is because I am both a flammable liquid and easy to solidify, with a freezing point of only 13.26°. Therefore, it is necessary to keep away from fire and heat sources during storage and transportation, avoid direct sunlight, and have insulation facilities to prevent leakage.
Experts say that the risk accidents that I may cause are mainly divided into two categories: fire and explosion accidents and chemical spills. The prediction results show that fire and explosion accidents will cause serious damage to buildings and personnel within a short distance, but the impact range is about 100 meters. Statistics show that the accident probability of the petrochemical industry posing a major impact on the environment is 1 × 10 -5 times / year, that is, once in 100,000 years.
[Editor: Chen Guofang]
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