How to reduce feed costs from the perspective of various costs of feed production?
1 Analysis of energy costs
Electricity, coal, steam, and water are called energy costs. These four costs include three items: production use, daily use, and office use. Because the energy consumption of living and office has the characteristics of fixed facilities, fixed quantity, fixed frequency, fixed range and small proportion, it is easy to control and manage. Usually, intelligent or automated facilities can control this part of energy consumption to the standard. Within the scope. The energy consumption of production is a key point in the control of production costs of feed enterprises, and it is also difficult. Because of the many related factors, it is easy to get out of control.
In terms of the big aspect, the plant layout, production scale, sales volume fluctuation and product structure of the feed enterprise are the main factors determining energy consumption. It determines the key factors such as process flow, equipment selection, formulation composition, production organization and management; From a small perspective, raw material characteristics, production process parameters, personnel quantity and quality, equipment maintenance level, production organization and management are the main factors affecting energy consumption. The cost control of generalization and system is started from the beginning of planning, and the cost control we usually talk about is only in the established environment (factory layout, production scale, process flow, equipment selection, product structure, etc.). Has been finalized) to carry out micro-level cost control, to achieve the best cooperation of people, machines, materials, law, and ring. If the manufacturing cost control is not done well in the early planning and design, the cost control work at this stage is obviously somewhat The meaning of the dead. Therefore, without considering the changes in energy prices, the key control point of energy costs is the overall planning and design before the factory is built, and the key link of daily cost management is the inter-departmental system operation and refined production management. In particular, the composition of the formula plays a particularly prominent role.
2 Analysis of maintenance costs
After the factors such as plant layout, production scale, product structure, process flow, equipment selection and other factors are determined, the variables affecting the maintenance cost are only the production personnel, production organization and management, production process parameters, formulation composition and raw material characteristics, wherein the formulation composition determines Production process parameters and raw material characteristics, so the key control points of maintenance costs are the formulation of the product, the standardized operation of the production personnel and the scientific and rational production organization. Among these three factors, strict production organization and management can shorten equipment running time to reduce equipment wear. Standardized operation and institutionalized maintenance can reduce equipment failure and extend service life, but the formulation composition is inevitably required to be In the upstream and downstream markets of products, especially in feed enterprises with diversified product structure, there is no regularity in the change of raw material prices and market sales, and the maintenance cost will show an irregular magnification change posture with the change of formula composition. However, this phenomenon is often ignored by feed companies. At present, people pay attention to the focus of maintenance cost reduction still in the two aspects of operation and maintenance. Obviously, in order to systematically control maintenance costs within the scope of the standard, it is necessary to continue to explore the intrinsic link between formulation composition and maintenance costs.
3 Analysis of labor costs
Like energy costs and maintenance costs, labor costs are also fundamentally affected by seven factors: plant layout, production scale, product structure, process flow, equipment selection, production organization and management, and sales fluctuations. The impact of changes in social environment on labor costs is far greater than the above seven factors. The idea of ​​controlling labor costs is different from energy costs and maintenance costs. There is a limit between energy and maintenance costs. The purpose of enterprise cost control is to ensure that the actual energy and maintenance costs can be infinitely close to this bottom line. When the actual cost exceeds too much, it will cause the enterprise to be alert; In the meantime, there is no set limit, which depends to a large extent on the changes in the social environment. For feed companies, the fastest increase in the past few years is labor costs. For enterprises, the control scale of labor costs is moderate, not as low as possible. In terms of labor cost management, more consideration should be given to the ratio of input to output in order to pursue the lowest total long-term cost.
4 Storage Cost Analysis
The storage cost of the feed enterprise refers to the human resources, material resources, financial resources and opportunities consumed by the feed enterprises in the process of storing materials, including loading, unloading, transportation, moving, and requisition, and the construction, purchase, and rental of storage facilities. The sum of risk costs. Warehousing costs consist of explicit costs and hidden costs. Explicit costs mainly include the cost of quantitative calculation or visual management, such as storage equipment, handling, equipment depreciation, material loss, transportation costs, warehouse rental, facility maintenance, etc. Some controllable or computable, fixed in the storage process The expenses incurred; the hidden costs mainly include uncontrollable or non-fixed expenses such as increased costs, lost costs, etc. due to accidental losses caused by poor storage operations or poor management. According to the users of the pig e-net, between the hidden cost and the explicit cost, we pay more attention to the explicit cost, but the hidden cost increase brought about by the poor system management and prevention management is the root of the loss, the enterprise warehousing The control of cost is a systematic project, which requires the enterprise to formulate the warehousing cost control process that all departments participate in from the strategic height of development, and achieve the goal of optimizing storage cost. The decline of the total cost of enterprise warehousing requires an organic combination of system thinking and on-site management. The cost control work begins with the overall planning beforehand, and finally standardized production, only sales, technology, procurement, production, etc. closely related to warehousing cost control work. The departments are all considering and arranging the work of the department at the height of the overall situation of the enterprise. To achieve close cooperation and interlocking, the goal of optimizing the storage cost of the unit can be achieved, and more profits and benefits can be created for the enterprise. Objectives, it is necessary to establish an assessment system and incentive mechanism. The production materials occupy a large amount of liquidity of the feed enterprises. The quantity, quality and storage cycle of the production materials directly affect whether the production and sales can proceed smoothly and the final cost of the products. The control of the storage costs is not simply the pursuit of the number of figures. It is necessary to make a choice between cost and benefit, and strive to reduce the overall cost while realizing the maximum value creation of the two.
5 Analysis of Loss Costs
According to the type of loss, the cost of loss can be divided into three categories: raw materials, finished products and equipment; according to the stage of loss occurrence, the cost of loss can be divided into three categories: pre-production, mid-production and post-production. The loss of raw materials occurs in the pre-production and production, the loss of finished products occurs in the middle and post-production, and the loss of equipment runs through the three stages of pre-production, mid-production and post-production. The loss in production is mainly determined by the sealing performance of production management and equipment. The loss before and after production is mainly determined by storage time, storage conditions and storage management. For feed enterprises with poor storage conditions, small storage capacity and large storage capacity, the reduction is reduced. Material loss and storage costs will be very difficult.
6 Analysis of management costs
The management cost in manufacturing cost refers only to the expenses incurred in managing and organizing production, and is the most expensive and least control cost in manufacturing cost. Because of its uncontrollable factors, it is impossible to control the total amount. It is impossible to control production by linking it to production, so many companies currently adopt a method of setting expenditure standards or rigid quotas. Although management costs account for a small proportion of manufacturing costs, they are an important indicator reflecting the cost control and management level of enterprises. A piece of paper and electricity will not cause real damage to the cost of the enterprise, but its built-in The waste of thought is enough to make the company go extinct.
Knife Gate Valve,Knife Gate,Knife Edge Gate Valve,Knife Edge Valve
Haogong Valve Co Ltd , https://www.haogongvalve.com