The development of numerical control technology has greatly promoted the rapid development of machine tools to CNC, high speed, high efficiency and compound direction. In order to meet the needs of high precision and high efficiency machining, in recent years, the development of gear tools at home and abroad has also maintained the development of CNC machine tools. Synchronization has made great progress, and these advances mainly depend on several aspects: more advanced design technology, more advanced CNC special processing technology and precision inspection technology, superior tool materials, advanced surface coating technology, and high speed. The heat treatment technology of steel gear cutters is also key.
In recent years, the development trend and characteristics of gear cutters are mainly reflected in the following aspects.
Environmentally friendly dry cutting has been applied in gear processing. Domestic and foreign OEMs such as Gleason, Mitsubishi, and Chongqing have developed special dry-cut hobbing machines. Compared with the traditional wet cutting method, the dry cutting method does not require a coolant, which is environmentally friendly and reduces the cost of hobbing processing. The dry cutting method can also adopt a higher cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency. According to the processing requirements of dry-cutting machine tools, all major tool manufacturers have developed environmentally-friendly dry-cut hobs, such as Gleason, NACHI, SU, Hanjiang tools, etc. There are integral carbide hobs, carbide indexable hobs, and powder metallurgy high speed steel hobs. The solid carbide hob is generally used for gears with a modulus less than 2mm, the precision can reach AAA, and the cutting speed can reach more than 250m/min; the hard alloy indexable hob is generally used for gears with a modulus greater than 6~45mm. It is mainly used for rough cutting before grinding, and the cutting speed can reach 120-150m/min. The powder metallurgy high-speed steel hob generally has a wider range of modules, covering all the range of modulus. These tools are made of high-performance powder metallurgy high-speed steel. Manufacture, tool toughness, small processing difficulty, its structural features are small diameter and long structure, reducing the time of cutting and cutting, and the series of knives, improving tool durability and processing efficiency, using powder metallurgy materials and high performance coating, cutting The speed can reach 150~200m/min, and the precision is DINAA or GBAA. Environmentally friendly dry cutting will become the main way of cutting teeth.
Gear cutter hard alloying
In the traditional sense, gear cutter materials are generally high-speed steel (high-performance powder metallurgy high-speed steel has also been widely used). With the development of cemented carbide materials and advances in processing technology, the proportion of cemented carbide tools is getting higher and higher. Developed countries in Europe have reached more than 70. In recent years, various tool manufacturers at home and abroad such as Gleason, Kennametal, Fette, Ingersoll, Sandvik Coromant ( SandvikCoromant) has developed a variety of carbide indexable gear cutters that greatly improve gear machining efficiency and greatly increase tool life. Indexable carbide gear hobs with 1 or 2 heads, 2 or 4 times of inserts, modulus range m5.5 to m40, compared to high speed steel hobs Higher up to 100 ~ 150m / min (the same high-speed steel insert hob cutting speed is only 30m / min), dry cutting, cutting efficiency increased by 1 to 3 times. In addition to the large modulus indexable alloy hob, SandvikCoromant has also developed a m5 ~ m8 machine-clamped carbide hob, the difference is that the hob uses one blade for each tooth, the assembly precision can reach the DINB level, the structure novel. In the field of small modulus (m<2) gear processing, a series of solid carbide hobs have been developed with an accuracy of AAA to A and a cutting speed of over 250m/min. At the same time, the above companies have developed hard Alloy indexable gear milling cutter can be used for both external gear processing and high-efficiency machining of internal gears, especially for the high-efficiency machining of large internal ring gears in the wind power industry. In addition to rough cutting, it can also directly cut gears. It can be stabilized up to GB8 grade, which also shows the advancement of cemented carbide insert manufacturing technology. The module range is m6~m40, the cutting speed can reach 100~150m/min, and the cutting efficiency is increased by 1-3 times. It is worth mentioning that at home and abroad, CBN, PCD and other super-hard tools have also been used more and more, and will become the direction of future tool development.
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Tag: Cutting speed Hob Gear tool Heat treatment technology Tool material
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