According to the new situation of China's economic development, relevant departments are preparing to introduce new standards for SMEs. The new standard will include small businesses that have not been included before, and try to further standardize micro-enterprises in the small business classification, and then formulate some more subdivided and more targeted support policies.
Zhu Hong, chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said in an interview with the media recently that the current classification criteria for SMEs are based on the relevant regulations of 2003, based on the three indicators of the number of employees, sales and total assets, and according to different industries. Make a subtle distinction between indicators. Zhu Hongren said that this type of standardization has some problems in the later practice. For example, when some local governments support small and medium-sized enterprises, medium-sized enterprises with superior assets and profitability have obtained more preferential policies. The new standard of drawing tends to provide targeted support, increase the division of micro-enterprises, and the vulnerable groups in small and medium-sized enterprises – small and micro enterprises should be the focus of government support.
“At present, the statistical department is conducting repeated calculations, and communication between departments is being strengthened to speed up the process of introducing new standardization standards. The new SMEs' standardization standards strive to meet the society before the end of the year, except for the original medium and small enterprises. Will increase the division of micro-enterprises." Zhu Hongren said.
Current standards can't keep up with the situation
Since its publication in 2003, China's current SMEs' standardization standards have been implemented for seven years, but the more they become ill, the more they become ill.
"The old standards have not kept up with the development of the situation. In recent years, some new industries and new companies have emerged frequently, and there is no way to divide them according to the old standards," said an expert from the China Small and Medium Enterprises Association.
The source noted that the current standards were mainly determined based on the development of the primary industry and the secondary industry at that time, so many enterprises in the tertiary industry could not find a position in the current standards, and even appeared to be misplaced.
The current standard stipulates that the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in the accommodation and catering industry is less than 800, or sales of less than 150 million yuan. Among them, medium-sized enterprises must meet the standards of 400 employees and above, and sales of 30 million yuan or more. The rest are small businesses.
"In the current service industry, the number of companies is less than 300, only enough for small business standards, but sales are more than 30 million yuan, reaching the standards of medium-sized enterprises and even large enterprises." The source said.
This first brought great difficulties to the statistical work. Zhang Wei, deputy director of the Statistical Survey Department of the Statistics Bureau of Hunan Statistics Bureau, said: "Which level does such a company enter? Enterprises certainly want to be counted into small businesses, but in fact they are very effective and there are no difficulties in financing."
Zhou Dewen, president of the Wenzhou Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion Association, who participated in the new bidding consultation work, also expressed his opinion: "The statistics are often chaotic according to the current standards. The data of the SMEs reported to the central government, a ministry, is not conducive to the country. Formulate support policies."
The problem is concentrated in the division of standards for industrial enterprises. According to the current regulations, the classification of industrial SMEs is based on the “two three four four†indicator, that is, the number of employees of the enterprise is less than 2,000, the sales amount is less than 300 million yuan, and the total assets are less than 400 million yuan.
"This standard is significantly wider than that of developed countries. The definition of small enterprises in China is closer to the regulations of small and medium-sized enterprises in the world, and China's medium-sized enterprises are classified as large enterprises in foreign countries." Zhou Dewen believes that "due to the standard of division Unclear, can not be treated differently, so that the implementation of the policy is greatly reduced, and enterprises that really need funds are often unable to be satisfied."
In the survey, Zhou Dewen found that from the data point of view, 50% of bank loans flowed to SMEs. In fact, small enterprises with more than 70% of the loans did not get loans. “The subjects that need the most support are marginalized. ""
New standards refine nine industries
In fact, SMEs' standardization standards have been brewing for a long time. As early as last September, the "Several Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" issued the "Revision of SMEs' Standardization Standards". This year, officials of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have repeatedly mentioned the revision process of the new standard on different occasions.
It is understood that after the re-determination of SMEs' standardization standards, it is possible to clarify which enterprises can give priority to relevant policy support. The scheme will further subdivide micro-enterprises from small enterprises and form three levels of medium, small and micro.
Yan Yanmin, general manager of the Small Business Financial Services Department of China Construction Bank, also believes that it is necessary to further subdivide small and medium-sized enterprises. He said that it is really difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to raise funds in small enterprises and micro enterprises. For bank lending, differences should be made at different levels. For medium-sized enterprises, it is a problem to help them become stronger and bigger, but for small enterprises, it is to help them solve the survival problem first.
“The original standards are too extensive, and the new standards are more detailed, subdivided according to different industries and different requirements.†Zhou Dewen said, “The new standards will be detailed enough to measure how many loans have flowed into small and micro enterprises. It can make the support policy more inclined to small enterprises, more targeted and more scientific."
It is learned that this time, the industrial enterprises that were too broadly divided in the past have been refined, and the enterprises in nine key industries including equipment manufacturing, electronic information and software services have been subdivided into standards.
According to the above-mentioned sources close to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the evaluation value of the division criteria will be re-adjusted. It is currently determined according to the three dimensions of the number of employees, sales and total assets, while the number of employees and total assets in the new standard are two. It is possible that the indicators will be lowered and the sales will be appropriately increased. These are in line with the large output value of small and medium-sized enterprises and the small assets.
However, in the eyes of some people, it is hard to say whether the new standards will be effective immediately and how much it can alleviate corporate financing problems.
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