There are many types of vegetable pests and diseases, which are harmful and the vegetables in the protected areas are more serious. In order to control pests and diseases, vegetable farmers use insecticides and fungicides more frequently, which is unfavorable for people to eat healthily. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally use the medicine to achieve the combination of prevention and treatment, and to exert its purpose of safety, high efficiency and economic use.
First, the right medicine: There are many types of medicines, and the scope of prevention and treatment is different. Some can cure a variety of pests and diseases, and some can only prevent certain diseases and insect pests. Therefore, when using a certain pesticide, it is necessary to understand the performance and target of the drug. For example, quercetin is only effective against mites and is ineffective against insects: trichlorfon has a high effect on chewing (1) and flies, and has low effect on sputum sputum, such as mites and mites: Phytophthora, Ethyl aluminum Downy mildew and Phytophthora are effective and have very low effects on other diseases.
Second, timely medication: a variety of pests and diseases of the dyeing cycle, life history and hazard period are different, the period of prevention and treatment is not complete - so. As far as the disease is concerned, it should be applied well before or before the onset of the disease. Once the disease spreads, the use of drugs often does not achieve the desired results. For pests, especially the larvae of Lepidoptera, should be controlled before the 3rd instar. At this time, the worms are small, lightly harmful, and weak in drug resistance. With less chemicals, they will exert higher control effects. Sexual pests such as cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm should be controlled during the incubation period, and the effect is best.
Third, master the dispensing technology: the concentration of the drug should be accurate when dispensing, such as the preparation of the emulsion, it is best to use a cylinder or syringe to take the drug solution, do not use the bottle cap to estimate. In order to make the agent in the water called: disperse evenly, dissolve well, it should be formulated into 10 times mother liquor, and then add enough water. When preparing the emulsion in low temperature, first warm it with warm water, then prepare it, or dilute with a small amount of warm water, then dilute with cold water. When diluting the powder (or preparing the toxic soil), the diluted powder (or fine) used should be added in small increments, and once mixed, the mixture will be mixed once, so that the mixture of the medicine and the ten will be even.
Fourth, to ensure the quality of the application: pay attention to the careful and thorough spraying when applying the medicine, do not lose the line and leak the strain. The medicinal agent should be sprayed on the part where the pests and diseases occur, and even the drugs that are internally absorbed should be sprayed on the pests and diseases. For example, when controlling red spiders, aphids, downy mildew, etc., the focus of the liquid medicine is on the back side of the spout. When controlling the blight and the mantle, the liquid is mainly sprayed on the root of the plant.
V. Pay attention to changes in temperature and humidity: Most of the agents have better effects when the temperature is high, but they are easy to cause phytotoxicity, while the organic phosphorus preparations are inferior when the temperature is low. Therefore, it should be avoided at noon, when the temperature is low, it can be used at noon. When applying powder, avoid applying morning dew with excessive dew, otherwise it may cause phytotoxicity.
Sixth, rational mixed pesticides: all kinds of pesticides have their own advantages and disadvantages, mixed with two or more pesticides, can play the role of complementary shortcomings, and synergy and treatment of a variety of pests and diseases, can save labor. Mixing pesticides is also an effective measure to overcome the resistance of pests and diseases. For example, most of the organic phosphorus can be mixed, organic phosphorus, organic chlorine and amino formaldehyde esters can be mixed, plant pesticides and micro-bovine pesticides can be mixed with each other, but not all pesticides can be mixed with each other. Improper mixing can reduce the efficacy of the drug and even cause phytotoxicity. A variety of organophosphorus pesticides such as hostile fruit, dimethoate, malathion, etc., decompose when exposed to alkaline, so the second can be mixed with alkaline pesticides (except trichlorfon). Microbial drugs are generally not mixed with fungicides. The combination of the stone sulphur mixture and the Bordeaux mixture produces copper sulphide, both of which are destroyed, and the copper sulphide continues to decompose to produce bismuth-soluble copper, which causes the plant to cause phytotoxicity. Whether some new pesticide varieties can be mixed or not can be determined after trials. Can not be mixed on a blind day.
First, the right medicine: There are many types of medicines, and the scope of prevention and treatment is different. Some can cure a variety of pests and diseases, and some can only prevent certain diseases and insect pests. Therefore, when using a certain pesticide, it is necessary to understand the performance and target of the drug. For example, quercetin is only effective against mites and is ineffective against insects: trichlorfon has a high effect on chewing (1) and flies, and has low effect on sputum sputum, such as mites and mites: Phytophthora, Ethyl aluminum Downy mildew and Phytophthora are effective and have very low effects on other diseases.
Second, timely medication: a variety of pests and diseases of the dyeing cycle, life history and hazard period are different, the period of prevention and treatment is not complete - so. As far as the disease is concerned, it should be applied well before or before the onset of the disease. Once the disease spreads, the use of drugs often does not achieve the desired results. For pests, especially the larvae of Lepidoptera, should be controlled before the 3rd instar. At this time, the worms are small, lightly harmful, and weak in drug resistance. With less chemicals, they will exert higher control effects. Sexual pests such as cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm should be controlled during the incubation period, and the effect is best.
Third, master the dispensing technology: the concentration of the drug should be accurate when dispensing, such as the preparation of the emulsion, it is best to use a cylinder or syringe to take the drug solution, do not use the bottle cap to estimate. In order to make the agent in the water called: disperse evenly, dissolve well, it should be formulated into 10 times mother liquor, and then add enough water. When preparing the emulsion in low temperature, first warm it with warm water, then prepare it, or dilute with a small amount of warm water, then dilute with cold water. When diluting the powder (or preparing the toxic soil), the diluted powder (or fine) used should be added in small increments, and once mixed, the mixture will be mixed once, so that the mixture of the medicine and the ten will be even.
Fourth, to ensure the quality of the application: pay attention to the careful and thorough spraying when applying the medicine, do not lose the line and leak the strain. The medicinal agent should be sprayed on the part where the pests and diseases occur, and even the drugs that are internally absorbed should be sprayed on the pests and diseases. For example, when controlling red spiders, aphids, downy mildew, etc., the focus of the liquid medicine is on the back side of the spout. When controlling the blight and the mantle, the liquid is mainly sprayed on the root of the plant.
V. Pay attention to changes in temperature and humidity: Most of the agents have better effects when the temperature is high, but they are easy to cause phytotoxicity, while the organic phosphorus preparations are inferior when the temperature is low. Therefore, it should be avoided at noon, when the temperature is low, it can be used at noon. When applying powder, avoid applying morning dew with excessive dew, otherwise it may cause phytotoxicity.
Sixth, rational mixed pesticides: all kinds of pesticides have their own advantages and disadvantages, mixed with two or more pesticides, can play the role of complementary shortcomings, and synergy and treatment of a variety of pests and diseases, can save labor. Mixing pesticides is also an effective measure to overcome the resistance of pests and diseases. For example, most of the organic phosphorus can be mixed, organic phosphorus, organic chlorine and amino formaldehyde esters can be mixed, plant pesticides and micro-bovine pesticides can be mixed with each other, but not all pesticides can be mixed with each other. Improper mixing can reduce the efficacy of the drug and even cause phytotoxicity. A variety of organophosphorus pesticides such as hostile fruit, dimethoate, malathion, etc., decompose when exposed to alkaline, so the second can be mixed with alkaline pesticides (except trichlorfon). Microbial drugs are generally not mixed with fungicides. The combination of the stone sulphur mixture and the Bordeaux mixture produces copper sulphide, both of which are destroyed, and the copper sulphide continues to decompose to produce bismuth-soluble copper, which causes the plant to cause phytotoxicity. Whether some new pesticide varieties can be mixed or not can be determined after trials. Can not be mixed on a blind day.
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